希腊神话 · 声匠改编 · 4:41
特洛伊木马
特洛伊城被围了整整十年。一天清早,希腊大军不见了,海滩上只留下一匹巨大的木马。祭司拉奥孔高喊别信,公主卡珊德拉也苦苦警告,可特洛伊人还是推倒城墙,把木马拉进了城……
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About this story
特洛伊木马在荷马史诗里只是简短提到:《奥德赛》第八卷,盲歌手得摩多科斯唱的就是奥德修斯设下木马计、希腊勇士藏身马腹攻下特洛伊的故事,奥德修斯听着听着落下了泪。讲得最完整的是古罗马诗人维吉尔公元前 1 世纪的史诗《埃涅阿斯纪》第二卷,由特洛伊幸存者埃涅阿斯亲口讲述:西农的谎话、拉奥孔的长矛和那句“我怕希腊人,哪怕他们带着礼物”、卡珊德拉没人相信的预言,都出自这里。这一版把海蛇和破城写得点到为止,结尾落在逃出火海的埃涅阿斯身上。
What it teaches
太好的“礼物”要多想一想;一座十年攻不破的城,最后输给了轻信和大意。拉奥孔和卡珊德拉都说出了真相,却没有人听,学会倾听不同的声音,同样重要。
Suits
7–12 岁
Tips for telling it
- 木马卡在城门口、肚子里叮当作响那一段,可以停一停,让孩子小声提醒特洛伊人。
- 讲完可以和孩子用纸盒做一匹小木马,再聊聊:如果你是特洛伊人,你会把它拉进城吗?
- 可以告诉大一点的孩子:电脑里的“木马病毒”就借了这个故事的名字,它装成有用的软件,骗你把它装进电脑。
Questions people ask
- 特洛伊木马是真的吗?
- 特洛伊城很可能真实存在:土耳其西北部的希沙利克遗址一般被认为就是特洛伊,从 19 世纪 70 年代起被陆续发掘。但木马本身没有任何考古证据,大多数学者认为它是传说;有人猜它影射某种攻城器械,也只是推测。
- 特洛伊木马计是谁想出来的?
- 在荷马《奥德赛》里,木马是奥德修斯设下的计谋,由工匠厄珀俄斯在雅典娜的帮助下建造。在维吉尔的《埃涅阿斯纪》里,奥德修斯(拉丁名尤利西斯)也是藏在马肚子里的勇士之一。
- “特洛伊木马”现在比喻什么?
- 比喻装成礼物或好东西、从内部攻破对手的计谋,电脑领域的“木马程序”(Trojan horse)也由此得名。拉奥孔那句“我怕希腊人,哪怕他们带着礼物”(拉丁文 Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes)也成了提醒人们提防对手“好意”的名言。
More Greek myths
All Greek myths episodes →Theseus and the Minotaur
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Every nine years, Athens must send fourteen young people to the Minotaur. Prince Theseus volunteers, and Princess Ariadne slips him a ball of thread.
Arachne the Weaver
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Arachne weaves better than anyone, and says so, loudly, even to the goddess Athena. A weaving contest, a flawless tapestry, and the very first spider.
Orpheus and Eurydice
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When Eurydice is lost to a snakebite, Orpheus sings his way into the Underworld to bring her home. There is only one rule: don't look back.
Persephone and the Seasons
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Persephone reaches for one flower too many, and Hades carries her below. Her mother Demeter stops the world growing until she's home. Why we have winter.
Hercules and the Nemean Lion
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For his first labour, Hercules must bring back the skin of a lion that no arrow or sword can pierce. Strength alone won't do it. He needs a plan.
Icarus and Daedalus
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Trapped on Crete, the inventor Daedalus builds wings of feathers and wax. His one rule for his son: not too low, not too high. Then Icarus sees the sun.