希腊神话 · 声匠改编 · 4:13
珀耳塞福涅与四季
珀耳塞福涅去摘一朵开着一百朵花的水仙,大地裂开,冥王哈迪斯把她带到了地下。母亲得墨忒耳找遍人间,伤心得让大地颗粒无收。一粒石榴籽,从此决定了四季。
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About this story
这个故事最早、最完整的记载是《荷马颂歌·致得墨忒耳》,约成于公元前 7 至前 6 世纪,作者不详,只是托名荷马。颂歌讲农业女神得墨忒耳的女儿珀耳塞福涅被冥王哈迪斯带到地下,母亲悲痛之下让大地颗粒无收,最后众神约定女儿每年一部分时间住在地下、其余时间回到人间。这一版保留了颂歌里一茎百花的水仙、九天九夜的寻找、太阳神作证和一粒石榴籽等细节,把抢亲写得温和,适合孩子听。
What it teaches
故事把季节的变化讲成一对母女的离别与团聚,让孩子知道冷清的日子总会过去,春天一定会回来。它也是一个关于母爱的故事:妈妈找孩子,可以找遍整个世界。
Suits
5–10 岁
Tips for telling it
- 母女重逢和珀耳塞福涅那句“等花开的时候,我就回来了”可以讲得慢一点,留给孩子回味。
- 讲完可以带孩子看看窗外:现在是什么季节?按故事的说法,珀耳塞福涅这会儿在哪里?
- 可以和中国的节气故事对照着讲,比一比古人用什么办法解释季节变化。
Questions people ask
- 希腊神话里四季是怎么来的?
- 古希腊人用珀耳塞福涅的故事解释季节:她每年要在冥界住一段时间,母亲得墨忒耳思念女儿,大地便草木凋零;她回到人间,万物复苏,就是春天。
- 珀耳塞福涅吃了几粒石榴籽?
- 在最早的《荷马颂歌·致得墨忒耳》里只有一粒,她因此每年要在地下住三分之一的时间。后来的版本说法不一,比如奥维德《变形记》第五卷写的是七粒,一年也分成了各占一半。
- 珀耳塞福涅和哈迪斯是什么关系?
- 珀耳塞福涅是哈迪斯的妻子,也就是冥后。她是宙斯和得墨忒耳的女儿,而哈迪斯是宙斯的兄弟。
More Greek myths
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King Midas and the Golden Touch
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Perseus and Medusa
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